Risk of incident depression in patients with Parkinson disease in the UK
Identifieur interne : 000347 ( Main/Corpus ); précédent : 000346; suivant : 000348Risk of incident depression in patients with Parkinson disease in the UK
Auteurs : C. Becker ; G. P. Brobert ; S. Johansson ; S. S. Jick ; C. R. MeierSource :
- European Journal of Neurology [ 1351-5101 ] ; 2011-03.
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- KwdEn :
Abstract
Background: Non‐motor symptoms are not widely recognized in patients with Parkinson disease (PD). We sought to assess the incidence rate as well as the risk of depression in newly diagnosed patients with PD and to compare it to PD‐free controls. Methods: We conducted a population‐based follow‐up study with a nested case–control analysis based on data from the UK‐based General Practice Research Database (GPRD). We included PD patients ≥ aged 40 years with a first PD diagnosis between 1994 and 2005, and a matched comparison group free of PD. We assessed incidence rates (IRs) and relative risk estimates (odds ratios [ORs] with 95% confidence intervals [CI]). Results: The IR of depression in newly diagnosed PD in the UK community was 26.0 (95% CI 22.9–29.5) per 1000 person‐years. The risk of developing depression was increased almost twofold in patients with PD when compared to patients without PD (adj. OR 1.89; 95% CI 1.49–2.40). The increased relative risk was most pronounced in women and in individuals 40–69 years of age. Long‐term users of levodopa had an increased depression risk when compared to short‐term users. Conclusions: Patients with PD are at an approximately twofold increased risk of being diagnosed with depression compared to the PD‐free population.
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DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2010.03176.x
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ISTEX:3D40670C9D3CA8A26CC8D1C365C467668CC10F29Le document en format XML
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Johansson</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>AstraZeneca Research & Development, Mölndal</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jick, S S" sort="Jick, S S" uniqKey="Jick S" first="S. S." last="Jick">S. S. Jick</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program, Boston University Medical Center, Lexington, MA, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Meier, C R" sort="Meier, C R" uniqKey="Meier C" first="C. R." last="Meier">C. R. Meier</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Basel Pharmacoepidemiology Unit, Hospital Pharmacy, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program, Boston University Medical Center, Lexington, MA, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Division of Clinical Pharmacy & Epidemiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:3D40670C9D3CA8A26CC8D1C365C467668CC10F29</idno><date when="2011" year="2011">2011</date><idno type="doi">10.1111/j.1468-1331.2010.03176.x</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/3D40670C9D3CA8A26CC8D1C365C467668CC10F29/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Corpus">000347</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Risk of incident depression in patients with Parkinson disease in the UK</title><author><name sortKey="Becker, C" sort="Becker, C" uniqKey="Becker C" first="C." last="Becker">C. Becker</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Basel Pharmacoepidemiology Unit, Hospital Pharmacy, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brobert, G P" sort="Brobert, G P" uniqKey="Brobert G" first="G. P." last="Brobert">G. P. Brobert</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>AstraZeneca Research & Development, Södertälje</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Johansson, S" sort="Johansson, S" uniqKey="Johansson S" first="S." last="Johansson">S. Johansson</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>AstraZeneca Research & Development, Mölndal</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jick, S S" sort="Jick, S S" uniqKey="Jick S" first="S. S." last="Jick">S. S. 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We sought to assess the incidence rate as well as the risk of depression in newly diagnosed patients with PD and to compare it to PD‐free controls. Methods: We conducted a population‐based follow‐up study with a nested case–control analysis based on data from the UK‐based General Practice Research Database (GPRD). We included PD patients ≥ aged 40 years with a first PD diagnosis between 1994 and 2005, and a matched comparison group free of PD. We assessed incidence rates (IRs) and relative risk estimates (odds ratios [ORs] with 95% confidence intervals [CI]). Results: The IR of depression in newly diagnosed PD in the UK community was 26.0 (95% CI 22.9–29.5) per 1000 person‐years. The risk of developing depression was increased almost twofold in patients with PD when compared to patients without PD (adj. OR 1.89; 95% CI 1.49–2.40). The increased relative risk was most pronounced in women and in individuals 40–69 years of age. Long‐term users of levodopa had an increased depression risk when compared to short‐term users. Conclusions: Patients with PD are at an approximately twofold increased risk of being diagnosed with depression compared to the PD‐free population.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName><author><json:item><name>C. Becker</name><affiliations><json:string>Basel Pharmacoepidemiology Unit, Hospital Pharmacy, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>G. P. Brobert</name><affiliations><json:string>AstraZeneca Research & Development, Södertälje</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>S. Johansson</name><affiliations><json:string>AstraZeneca Research & Development, Mölndal</json:string><json:string>Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>S. S. Jick</name><affiliations><json:string>Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program, Boston University Medical Center, Lexington, MA, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>C. R. Meier</name><affiliations><json:string>Basel Pharmacoepidemiology Unit, Hospital Pharmacy, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland</json:string><json:string>Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program, Boston University Medical Center, Lexington, MA, USA</json:string><json:string>Division of Clinical Pharmacy & Epidemiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>depression</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>epidemiology</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Parkinson disease</value></json:item></subject><articleId><json:string>ENE3176</json:string></articleId><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><abstract>Background: Non‐motor symptoms are not widely recognized in patients with Parkinson disease (PD). We sought to assess the incidence rate as well as the risk of depression in newly diagnosed patients with PD and to compare it to PD‐free controls. Methods: We conducted a population‐based follow‐up study with a nested case–control analysis based on data from the UK‐based General Practice Research Database (GPRD). We included PD patients ≥ aged 40 years with a first PD diagnosis between 1994 and 2005, and a matched comparison group free of PD. We assessed incidence rates (IRs) and relative risk estimates (odds ratios [ORs] with 95% confidence intervals [CI]). Results: The IR of depression in newly diagnosed PD in the UK community was 26.0 (95% CI 22.9–29.5) per 1000 person‐years. The risk of developing depression was increased almost twofold in patients with PD when compared to patients without PD (adj. OR 1.89; 95% CI 1.49–2.40). The increased relative risk was most pronounced in women and in individuals 40–69 years of age. Long‐term users of levodopa had an increased depression risk when compared to short‐term users. Conclusions: Patients with PD are at an approximately twofold increased risk of being diagnosed with depression compared to the PD‐free population.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>5.68</score><pdfVersion>1.3</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>595.276 x 782.362 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><keywordCount>3</keywordCount><abstractCharCount>1284</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>3304</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>21981</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>6</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>198</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Risk of incident depression in patients with Parkinson disease in the UK</title><genre><json:string>article</json:string></genre><host><volume>18</volume><publisherId><json:string>ENE</json:string></publisherId><pages><total>6</total><last>453</last><first>448</first></pages><issn><json:string>1351-5101</json:string></issn><issue>3</issue><genre><json:string>Journal</json:string></genre><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><eissn><json:string>1468-1331</json:string></eissn><title>European Journal of Neurology</title><doi><json:string>10.1111/(ISSN)1468-1331</json:string></doi></host><publicationDate>2011</publicationDate><copyrightDate>2011</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1111/j.1468-1331.2010.03176.x</json:string></doi><id>3D40670C9D3CA8A26CC8D1C365C467668CC10F29</id><fulltext><json:item><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><extension>pdf</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/3D40670C9D3CA8A26CC8D1C365C467668CC10F29/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><extension>zip</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/3D40670C9D3CA8A26CC8D1C365C467668CC10F29/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/3D40670C9D3CA8A26CC8D1C365C467668CC10F29/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Risk of incident depression in patients with Parkinson disease in the UK</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><pubPlace>Oxford, UK</pubPlace><availability><p>WILEY</p></availability><date>2011</date></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Risk of incident depression in patients with Parkinson disease in the UK</title><author><persName><forename type="first">C.</forename><surname>Becker</surname></persName><affiliation>Basel Pharmacoepidemiology Unit, Hospital Pharmacy, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">G. P.</forename><surname>Brobert</surname></persName><affiliation>AstraZeneca Research & Development, Södertälje</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">S.</forename><surname>Johansson</surname></persName><affiliation>AstraZeneca Research & Development, Mölndal</affiliation><affiliation>Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">S. S.</forename><surname>Jick</surname></persName><affiliation>Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program, Boston University Medical Center, Lexington, MA, USA</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">C. R.</forename><surname>Meier</surname></persName><affiliation>Basel Pharmacoepidemiology Unit, Hospital Pharmacy, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland</affiliation><affiliation>Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program, Boston University Medical Center, Lexington, MA, USA</affiliation><affiliation>Division of Clinical Pharmacy & Epidemiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland</affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">European Journal of Neurology</title><idno type="pISSN">1351-5101</idno><idno type="eISSN">1468-1331</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1468-1331</idno><imprint><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><pubPlace>Oxford, UK</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2011-03"></date><biblScope unit="volume">18</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">3</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="448">448</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="453">453</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">3D40670C9D3CA8A26CC8D1C365C467668CC10F29</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/j.1468-1331.2010.03176.x</idno><idno type="ArticleID">ENE3176</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>2011</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background: Non‐motor symptoms are not widely recognized in patients with Parkinson disease (PD). We sought to assess the incidence rate as well as the risk of depression in newly diagnosed patients with PD and to compare it to PD‐free controls. Methods: We conducted a population‐based follow‐up study with a nested case–control analysis based on data from the UK‐based General Practice Research Database (GPRD). We included PD patients ≥ aged 40 years with a first PD diagnosis between 1994 and 2005, and a matched comparison group free of PD. We assessed incidence rates (IRs) and relative risk estimates (odds ratios [ORs] with 95% confidence intervals [CI]). Results: The IR of depression in newly diagnosed PD in the UK community was 26.0 (95% CI 22.9–29.5) per 1000 person‐years. The risk of developing depression was increased almost twofold in patients with PD when compared to patients without PD (adj. OR 1.89; 95% CI 1.49–2.40). The increased relative risk was most pronounced in women and in individuals 40–69 years of age. Long‐term users of levodopa had an increased depression risk when compared to short‐term users. Conclusions: Patients with PD are at an approximately twofold increased risk of being diagnosed with depression compared to the PD‐free population.</p></abstract><textClass xml:lang="en"><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>Keywords</head><item><term>depression</term></item><item><term>epidemiology</term></item><item><term>Parkinson disease</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2011-03">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><extension>txt</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/3D40670C9D3CA8A26CC8D1C365C467668CC10F29/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:document><component version="2.0" type="serialArticle" xml:lang="en"><header><publicationMeta level="product"><publisherInfo><publisherName>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisherName><publisherLoc>Oxford, UK</publisherLoc></publisherInfo><doi origin="wiley" registered="yes">10.1111/(ISSN)1468-1331</doi><issn type="print">1351-5101</issn><issn type="electronic">1468-1331</issn><idGroup><id type="product" value="ENE"></id><id type="publisherDivision" value="ST"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" sort="EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY">European Journal of Neurology</title></titleGroup></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="part" position="03103"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/ene.2011.18.issue-3</doi><numberingGroup><numbering type="journalVolume" number="18">18</numbering><numbering type="journalIssue" number="3">3</numbering></numberingGroup><coverDate startDate="2011-03">March 2011</coverDate></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="unit" type="article" position="13" status="forIssue"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/j.1468-1331.2010.03176.x</doi><idGroup><id type="unit" value="ENE3176"></id></idGroup><countGroup><count type="pageTotal" number="6"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="tocHeading1">Original Articles</title></titleGroup><copyright>© 2010 The Author(s). European Journal of Neurology © 2010 EFNS</copyright><eventGroup><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:BPG_TO_WML3G version:2.4.6 mode:FullText" date="2011-02-17"></event><event type="publishedOnlineEarlyUnpaginated" date="2010-08-16"></event><event type="firstOnline" date="2010-08-16"></event><event type="publishedOnlineFinalForm" date="2011-02-17"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WILEY_ML3G_TO_WILEY_ML3GV2 version:3.8.8" date="2014-01-24"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WML3G_To_WML3G version:4.1.7 mode:FullText,remove_FC" date="2014-10-16"></event></eventGroup><numberingGroup><numbering type="pageFirst" number="448">448</numbering><numbering type="pageLast" number="453">453</numbering></numberingGroup><correspondenceTo>Prof. Dr C. R. Meier, Basel Pharmacoepidemiology Unit, Hospital Pharmacy, University Hospital, Spitalstrasse 26, 4031 Basel, CH–4031 Basel, Switzerland (tel.: ++ 41 61 556 53 69; fax: ++ 41 61 265 88 75; e‐mail: <email>Meierch@uhbs.ch</email>).</correspondenceTo><linkGroup><link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:ENE.ENE3176.pdf"></link></linkGroup></publicationMeta><contentMeta><unparsedEditorialHistory>Received 24 April 2010 Accepted 21 June 2010</unparsedEditorialHistory><countGroup><count type="figureTotal" number="0"></count><count type="tableTotal" number="3"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="main">Risk of incident depression in patients with Parkinson disease in the UK</title><title type="shortAuthors">C. Becker <i>et al.</i></title><title type="short">Depression in Parkinson disease</title></titleGroup><creators><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr1" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>C.</givenNames><familyName>Becker</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr2" affiliationRef="#a2"><personName><givenNames>G. P.</givenNames><familyName>Brobert</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr3" affiliationRef="#a3 #a4"><personName><givenNames>S.</givenNames><familyName>Johansson</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr4" affiliationRef="#a5"><personName><givenNames>S. S.</givenNames><familyName>Jick</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr5" affiliationRef="#a1 #a5 #a6"><personName><givenNames>C. R.</givenNames><familyName>Meier</familyName></personName></creator></creators><affiliationGroup><affiliation xml:id="a1" countryCode="CH"><unparsedAffiliation>Basel Pharmacoepidemiology Unit, Hospital Pharmacy, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a2"><unparsedAffiliation>AstraZeneca Research & Development, Södertälje</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a3"><unparsedAffiliation>AstraZeneca Research & Development, Mölndal</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a4" countryCode="SE"><unparsedAffiliation>Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a5" countryCode="US"><unparsedAffiliation>Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program, Boston University Medical Center, Lexington, MA, USA</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a6" countryCode="CH"><unparsedAffiliation>Division of Clinical Pharmacy & Epidemiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation></affiliationGroup><keywordGroup xml:lang="en"><keyword xml:id="k1">depression</keyword><keyword xml:id="k2">epidemiology</keyword><keyword xml:id="k3">Parkinson disease</keyword></keywordGroup><abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:lang="en"><p><b>Background: </b> Non‐motor symptoms are not widely recognized in patients with Parkinson disease (PD). We sought to assess the incidence rate as well as the risk of depression in newly diagnosed patients with PD and to compare it to PD‐free controls.</p><p><b>Methods: </b> We conducted a population‐based follow‐up study with a nested case–control analysis based on data from the UK‐based General Practice Research Database (GPRD). We included PD patients ≥ aged 40 years with a first PD diagnosis between 1994 and 2005, and a matched comparison group free of PD. We assessed incidence rates (IRs) and relative risk estimates (odds ratios [ORs] with 95% confidence intervals [CI]).</p><p><b>Results: </b> The IR of depression in newly diagnosed PD in the UK community was 26.0 (95% CI 22.9–29.5) per 1000 person‐years. The risk of developing depression was increased almost twofold in patients with PD when compared to patients without PD (adj. OR 1.89; 95% CI 1.49–2.40). The increased relative risk was most pronounced in women and in individuals 40–69 years of age. Long‐term users of levodopa had an increased depression risk when compared to short‐term users.</p><p><b>Conclusions: </b> Patients with PD are at an approximately twofold increased risk of being diagnosed with depression compared to the PD‐free population.</p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Risk of incident depression in patients with Parkinson disease in the UK</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>Depression in Parkinson disease</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Risk of incident depression in patients with Parkinson disease in the UK</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">C.</namePart><namePart type="family">Becker</namePart><affiliation>Basel Pharmacoepidemiology Unit, Hospital Pharmacy, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">G. P.</namePart><namePart type="family">Brobert</namePart><affiliation>AstraZeneca Research & Development, Södertälje</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">S.</namePart><namePart type="family">Johansson</namePart><affiliation>AstraZeneca Research & Development, Mölndal</affiliation><affiliation>Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">S. S.</namePart><namePart type="family">Jick</namePart><affiliation>Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program, Boston University Medical Center, Lexington, MA, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">C. R.</namePart><namePart type="family">Meier</namePart><affiliation>Basel Pharmacoepidemiology Unit, Hospital Pharmacy, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland</affiliation><affiliation>Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program, Boston University Medical Center, Lexington, MA, USA</affiliation><affiliation>Division of Clinical Pharmacy & Epidemiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="article" displayLabel="article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><place><placeTerm type="text">Oxford, UK</placeTerm></place><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2011-03</dateIssued><edition>Received 24 April 2010 Accepted 21 June 2010</edition><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2011</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType><extent unit="tables">3</extent></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">Background: Non‐motor symptoms are not widely recognized in patients with Parkinson disease (PD). We sought to assess the incidence rate as well as the risk of depression in newly diagnosed patients with PD and to compare it to PD‐free controls. Methods: We conducted a population‐based follow‐up study with a nested case–control analysis based on data from the UK‐based General Practice Research Database (GPRD). We included PD patients ≥ aged 40 years with a first PD diagnosis between 1994 and 2005, and a matched comparison group free of PD. We assessed incidence rates (IRs) and relative risk estimates (odds ratios [ORs] with 95% confidence intervals [CI]). Results: The IR of depression in newly diagnosed PD in the UK community was 26.0 (95% CI 22.9–29.5) per 1000 person‐years. The risk of developing depression was increased almost twofold in patients with PD when compared to patients without PD (adj. OR 1.89; 95% CI 1.49–2.40). The increased relative risk was most pronounced in women and in individuals 40–69 years of age. Long‐term users of levodopa had an increased depression risk when compared to short‐term users. Conclusions: Patients with PD are at an approximately twofold increased risk of being diagnosed with depression compared to the PD‐free population.</abstract><subject lang="en"><genre>Keywords</genre><topic>depression</topic><topic>epidemiology</topic><topic>Parkinson disease</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>European Journal of Neurology</title></titleInfo><genre type="Journal">journal</genre><identifier type="ISSN">1351-5101</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1468-1331</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1468-1331</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">ENE</identifier><part><date>2011</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>18</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>3</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>448</start><end>453</end><total>6</total></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">3D40670C9D3CA8A26CC8D1C365C467668CC10F29</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/j.1468-1331.2010.03176.x</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">ENE3176</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">© 2010 The Author(s). 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